Just forging, or seeking love and approval? an investigation into the phenomenon of the forged art object and the copied picture in art therapy involving people with learning disabilities

Abstract

This article seeks to explore the complex underpinnings and dynamics of the act of forgery, compared with instances of copying witnessed in art therapy sessions involving people with learning disabilities. The argument focuses on two theoretical frameworks: the first concerns the concept of joint attention behaviours; whilst the second focuses on psychoanalytic concepts which underlie both the infant's early visual experiences and the nature of the art object for the perceiving individual and its relevance to the broader culture. The central intent is to establish an equitable confluence of both developmental and psychoanalytical concepts the product of which can usefully inform the art therapeutic process. It is proposed that forgery and copying, although separate in essence, share similar factors, insofar as both seek to adopt a false and acceptable image for the spectator. This is traced to, and given meaning by, Winnicott's concepts of the mirror-role and the false self. The text also concerns itself with the biographical interpretation of three well-known forgers, whose lives appear to indicate causal reasons for their eventual act of deception. This is juxtaposed with the learning disabled client's need to employ the work of 'recognised artists' to present an acceptable and valued self-image.