Abstract

The Jurassic-Cretaceous (J/K) and Cretaceous-Paleogene (K/Pg) boundaries/transitions are found in Pakistan especially well exposed on the western continental margin of the Indo-Pakistan plate (part of Gondwana) like Kirthar, Sulaiman and Kohat and Potwar basins. Its lithology is variable both lateral and also vertical. The J/K and K/Pg transitions are represented by terrestrial and marine strata like laterite, bauxite, vary colored shale, sandstones and conglomerates and rare limestone beds. Mesozoic vertebrates found so far belong to archosaurs like poripuchian titanosaurs (sauropods), theropods, mesoeucrocodiles, pterosaurs, snake and bird are briefly overviewed here.

Highlights

  • The marine and terrestrial strata of Jurassic-Cretaceous (J/K) and Cretaceous-Paleogene (K/Pg) transitions in Pakistan are presented which are well exposed in north Indus (Kohat-Potwar basin), middle/central Indus (Sulaiman basin) and south Indus (Kirthar basin)

  • Mesozoic vertebrates found so far belong to archosaurs like poripuchian titanosaurs, theropods, mesoeucrocodiles, pterosaurs, snake and bird are briefly overviewed here

  • Materials and Methods The materials belong to compiled data from previous work especially mentioned in references and new field data collected by the present author during numerous field seasons regarding the lithology, stratigraphy, paleontology of Pakistan

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Summary

Introduction

The marine and terrestrial strata of Jurassic-Cretaceous (J/K) and Cretaceous-Paleogene (K/Pg) transitions in Pakistan are presented which are well exposed in north Indus (Kohat-Potwar basin), middle/central Indus (Sulaiman basin) and south Indus (Kirthar basin). The biota and these transitions are significant due to northward migration of the Indo-Pakistan subcontinental plate from southern earth to northern earth and extinction phenomena. The J/K boundary yielded a few bones of basal titanosaurs. The strata just below the K/Pg boundary yielded about 3000 bones/pieces of bones of the latest Maastrichtian archosaurs.

Materials and Methods
Results and Discussion
Titanosaurian Sauropods from Pakistan
Gspsaurus pakistani Titanosaur from Pakistan Systematic paleontology
Saraikimasoom vitakri Titanosaur from Pakistan Systematic paleontology
Pakisaurus balochistani Titanosaur from Pakistan Systematic paleontology
Sulaimanisaurus gingerichi Titanosaur from Pakistan Systematic paleontology
Khetranisaurus barkhani Titanosaur from Pakistan Systematic paleontology
Vitakrisaurus saraiki Theropod from Pakistan Systematic paleontology
Vitakridrinda sulaimani Theropod from Pakistan Systematic paleontology
Mesoeucrocodiles from Latest Maastrichtian of Pakistan
Induszalim bala Mesoeucrocodile from Pakistan Systematic paleontology
Sulaimanisuchus kinwai Mesoeucrocodile from Pakistan Systematic paleontology
New Snake from the Latest Maastrichtian of Pakistan
3.10. Footprints and Trackways of Mesozoic Vertebrates Found from Pakistan
Conclusion
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