Junctions, Pathways and Turning Points in Biographical Genesis of Right-Wing Extremism

In the life cycle, from birth, humans are very dependent on the family environment because, at this time, the quality of life of a child is directly shaped and influenced by the care, support, stimulation, and education received from family members. Based on the data obtained, many cases of children occur in Indonesia and cause them to be held accountable before the law[ Novrianza I et al., 2022]. The cases he also experienced varied, ranging from mild to moderate to severe cases. Based on this, the family social environment is considered to be a factor causing criminal acts committed by children[ Keliat et al.,2019]. Therefore, the author tries to examine the description of the family social environment in students of child protection crimes with a research locus at the Maros Class II Special Child Development Institute. The research method used is a qualitative approach that focuses on what is in the field objectively without any manipulation. The results of this study show that a picture of the family environment (family social environment) in students of child protection crimes at the Maros class II special child development institution. There were 6 respondents with family type Achievement Orientation, 10 respondents with family type Moral Religious Orientation, 2 respondents with Intellectual Cultural Oriented Families family type, and 2 respondents with Conflict Oriented Families family type[ Matos-Melo et al., 2018]. These results show that the social environment of the child's family with criminal protection leads to Moral Religious Orientation which is contrary to personality theory, where Moral Religious Orientation certainly describes an individual with positive attitudes and behaviors, but nevertheless, some influences that make a child able to carry out these negative behaviors include internalization of a child that is not appropriate, especially in terms of moral absorption[Remmers T et al., 2014]. Norms and rules that apply in the family social environment, several factors that become challenges and obstacles in the formation of a family environment, namely adolescence which makes absorption of moral values, ethics and norms that must be considered, parental education that makes the basis of the mindset in the formation of children's character, family financial conditions in meeting children's needs, the large number of members in the family presents a challenge in dividing needs Whether it's financial or affectionate[ Hu et al., 2022]. The importance of the role of parents in supervising the environment around children and being an example for and being an example for child and the role of correctional officers in LPKA must prioritize the relationship between parents and children in the implementation of coaching.

The present study investigated the relation of academic achievement, family and classroom social environment, and peer interactions to prosocial and antisocial behavior of Chinese children in elementary schools. Five hypotheses were empirically tested: (1) Academic achievement is associated positively with prosocial behavior, and negatively with delinquent behavior; (2) family social environment is associated positively with prosocial behavior, and negatively with delinquent behavior; (3) classroom social environment is associated positively with prosocial behavior, and negatively with delinquent behavior; (4) prosocial behavior of children is associated positively with positive peer influence, and delinquent behavior is associated positively with negative peer influence; and (5) prosocial behavior of children is associated positively with peer's prosocial behavior, and delinquent behavior is associated positively with peer's delinquent behavior. All the hypotheses, except Hypothesis 3, were clearly supported by the data. Hypothesis 3 was only partially supported by the data.

<p><em>This study aims to determine the factors that affect the understanding lessons of students at High School in Cikarang. These factors are family environment, education system, and social environment. Students who have a high motivation to learn will have a positive result of their grades and understanding the lesson. This study uses quantitative descriptive and for collecting the data are using questionnaires. In addition, SPSS is utilized to analyze the collected data. The total number of samples was 182 respondents. Sampling design is Probability sampling and the technique using simple random sampling. To check the hypothesis of this analysis, multiple regression analyzes were used. The result of the research shows (1) Family Environment (X1) has positive insignificant influence on Students Understanding Lesson, (2) Education System (X2) has negative influence on Students Understanding Lesson, (3) Social Environment (X3) positive significant influence on Students Understanding Lesson. The coefficient of determination shows that the variable Family Environment (X1), Education System (X2), and Social Environment (X3) influence Understanding Lesson of Student (Y) of 45.7%, while the remaining 54.3% influenced by other variables outside thisresearch.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>Family Environment, Education System, Social Environment, Understanding Lesson of Student</em></p>

This study aims to prove the allegations of the influence of family environment and social environment on student achievement on economic subjects, students of class XI IPS SMA N 3 Jambi City year 2012-2013. The results showed that the family environment and social environment jointly significant effect on their learning outcomes. Family environment is more dominant effect on student learning outcomes than their milieu. Keyword: Family Environment, Social Environment,Student Learning

The relationship between family environment, as measured by the Family Environment Scale, and maternal dietary quality was examined, with nutritional locus of control scales used as explanatory variables in an attempt to understand how dietary quality and family environment might be linked, as had been noted in previous research. Within a sample of 106 young, married mothers a series of canonical correlation analyses indicated no significant relationships between our measure of dietary quality and family environment or locus of control. However, interesting relationships were observed between family environment and locus of control, as well as with satisfaction with family nutrition and nutritional values, suggesting avenues for research on linkages between family social environment and health practices, including maintenance of dietary quality at adequate or better levels.

Theoretical frameworks generally serve as the intellectual scaffolding that underpins research processes in the social sciences, providing an analytical lens through which researchers make sense of complex social phenomena.This article is an exploration of the fundamental role of theoretical frameworks in social science research. Firstly, it sheds light on its ontological, epistemological and methodological design imperatives, beginning with an elucidation of the concept of theoretical frameworks within the realm of social science research. Secondly, the significance of integrating theoretical frameworks in the research process is analysed, with an emphasis on the fact that it enhances the rigour and clarity of scholarly inquiry by guiding researchers when formulating research questions and hypotheses and in the interpretation of research findings.It conducts a literature review following an abstract conceptual design in an interpretivist research paradigm.Steps are proposed that can be followed when constructing a theoretical framework, using the construct ‘poverty’ as example.Since social science research deals with intricate and multifaceted social phenomena, theoretical frameworks provide researchers with a structured lens through which they can make sense of this complexity, offering a systematic way to organise and analyse data and observations. They also ensure that the study is focussed and aligned with existing knowledge and relevant theories.Transdisciplinary contribution: The significance of inter-, multi- and transdisciplinarity in the construction of theoretical frameworks in social science research are expounded by accentuating the ways in which knowledge domains and methodologies of multiple disciplines create a comprehensive understanding of complex social phenomena.

The study aims to determine the influence of the family environment, social environment and entrepreneurial learning on entrepreneurial interests. The subjects of this study were 54 class XII students of SMK PGRI Tegal, who were taken incidentally. The results showed that partially the family environment, social environment and entrepreneurial learning influenced the interest in entrepreneurship. Furthermore, it simultaneously shows the social environment and entrepreneurial learning influences the interest in entrepreneurship, while the family environment does not show a positive influence. Entrepreneurial learning has the most dominant influence in growing entrepreneurial interest for students. This research has implications for improving the quality of entrepreneurial learning in schools, in order to be able to foster student interest in entrepreneurship.

The study aims to determine the influence of the family environment, social environment and entrepreneurial learning on entrepreneurial interests. The subjects of this study were 54 class XII students of SMK PGRI Tegal, who were taken incidentally. The results showed that partially the family environment, social environment and entrepreneurial learning influenced the interest in entrepreneurship. Furthermore, it simultaneously shows the social environment and entrepreneurial learning influences the interest in entrepreneurship, while the family environment does not show a positive influence. Entrepreneurial learning has the most dominant influence in growing entrepreneurial interest for students. This research has implications for improving the quality of entrepreneurial learning in schools, in order to be able to foster student interest in entrepreneurship.

Right-wing extremism is an omnipresent topic in academia and the public sphere. But what exactly characterises right-wing extremism? How does it manifest itself? What explanations are there for the emergence of right-wing extremism? How can it be successfully combated? The fourth updated and expanded edition of this volume provides an overview of the state of research into these questions and presents the central controversies in the field of social science research on right-wing extremism. It presents the world view and history of right-wing extremism, the characteristics of its manifestations, such as political parties, movements, the media, music and the Internet, and formulates an overall assessment of contemporary right-wing extremism. In addition, the book discusses explanatory approaches at the point where the following converge and clash: extremism theory and ‘extremism of the centre’; authoritarianism, socialisation and gender; the youth protest axiom and the theories of social movement and social disintegration.

This article describes the discrimination of people with HIV / AIDS in the Smile Plus Temanggung Peer Support Group. Besides this research is also to find out the subject responding to discrimination that occurs in the family environment, work environment, and social environment. In this study, the authors used a qualitative method with a case study model. The focus of the study is to examine the discrimination experienced by people with HIV / AIDS. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation, with triangulation techniques to test the validity of the data. The results of this study show that of the five research subjects four of them experienced discrimination in the form of direct discrimination and indirect discrimination with sources of discrimination originating from the family and work environment, while in the social environment they did not experience discrimination because the environment did not know their status.Keywords: Discrimination, HIV / AIDS, Peer support groups, Smile Plus

The language acquisition of each child is different. Some children are perfect and good at language, but other children still have difficulties in language. This causes the other person also have difficulty understanding what they are saying. The purpose of this study was to determine the acquisition of language in children aged 3-4 years and to know the Parsing Syntax of the language of children aged 3-4 years in the Darussalam Study Group Blokagung Banyuwangi. The research design used is descriptive qualitative. Data were collected by applying observation and interviews with the teacher and the students of Playgroup of Darussalam. The data were analyzed using the Interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana. The results showed that language acquisition was obtained from the family environment, social environment, and school environment. The students of the Darussalam Blokagung Banyuwangi Playgroup have basic language acquisition. They tend to imitate or learn from the surrounding environment, family, school, or social environments.

The purpose of this study was to examine differences in dyadic adjustment and the family social environment among four groups formed on the basis of different patterns of husband-wife occupational commitment. The sample consisted of 92 working couples with at least one child under the age of 18. Using multivariate analysis of covariance and controlling for family life cycle variables, groups that were formed on the basis of husband-wife patterns of commitment to work differed on the composite of dependent variables (dyadic adjustment and the family social environment). Differing emphasis in the family environment on achievement of family members and on family system organization were important contributors to overall differences among groups. The group in which both husband and wife scored high on occupational commitment, the dual-career couples, placed greater emphasis on both achievement and organization than did the other three groups. Differentiating dual-career from dual-work marriages by measuring commitment to work is compared to more frequently used methods of classification.

Leadership in public health is necessary, relevant, and important as it enables the engagement, management, and transformation of complex public health challenges at a national level, as well as collaborating with internal stakeholders to address global public health threats. The research literature recommends exploring the journey of public health leaders and the factors influencing leadership development, especially in developing countries. Thus, we aimed to develop a grounded theory on individual leadership development in the Nepalese context. For this, we adopted constructivist grounded theory, and conducted 46 intensive interviews with 22 public health officials working under the Ministry of Health, Nepal. Data were analysed by adopting the principles of Charmaz’s constructivist grounded theory. The theory developed from this study illustrates four phases of leadership development within an individual–initiation, identification, development, and expansion. The ’initial phase’ is about an individual’s wishes to be a leader without a formal role or acknowledgement, where family environment, social environment and individual characteristics play a role in influencing the actualisation of leadership behaviours. The ’identification phase’ involves being identified as a public health official after having formal position in health-related organisations. The ’development’ phase is about developing core leadership capabilities mostly through exposure and experiences. The ’expansion’ phase describes expanding leadership capabilities and recognition mostly by continuous self-directed learning. The grounded theory provides insights into the meaning and actions of participants’ professional experiences and highlighted the role of individual characteristics, family and socio-cultural environment, and workplace settings in the development of leadership capabilities. It has implications for academia to fulfill the absence of leadership theory in public health and is significant to fulfill the need of leadership models grounded in the local context of Asian countries.

Leadership in public health is necessary, relevant, and important as it enables the engagement, management, and transformation of complex public health challenges at a national level, as well as collaborating with internal stakeholders to address global public health threats. The research literature recommends exploring the journey of public health leaders and the factors influencing leadership development, especially in developing countries. Thus, we aimed to develop a grounded theory on individual leadership development in the Nepalese context. For this, we adopted constructivist grounded theory, and conducted 46 intensive interviews with 22 public health officials working under the Ministry of Health, Nepal. Data were analysed by adopting the principles of Charmaz's constructivist grounded theory. The theory developed from this study illustrates four phases of leadership development within an individual-initiation, identification, development, and expansion. The 'initial phase' is about an individual's wishes to be a leader without a formal role or acknowledgement, where family environment, social environment and individual characteristics play a role in influencing the actualisation of leadership behaviours. The 'identification phase' involves being identified as a public health official after having formal position in health-related organisations. The 'development' phase is about developing core leadership capabilities mostly through exposure and experiences. The 'expansion' phase describes expanding leadership capabilities and recognition mostly by continuous self-directed learning. The grounded theory provides insights into the meaning and actions of participants' professional experiences and highlighted the role of individual characteristics, family and socio-cultural environment, and workplace settings in the development of leadership capabilities. It has implications for academia to fulfill the absence of leadership theory in public health and is significant to fulfill the need of leadership models grounded in the local context of Asian countries.

This chapter examines how militant democracy functions in countering right-wing extremism. A case study of the Slovakian extreme-right party Kotleba’s – People’s Party Our Slovakia (L’SNS) is used to explain the difficulties in using militant democracy to confront right-wing extremism. First, the history of militant democracy combatting right-wing extremism is outlined, including Karl Loewenstein’s legacy of counter fascist measures from the interwar period. The situation in the Federal Republic of Germany is analysed and some critiques of political scientists and legal experts relating to militant democracy are discussed. Second, the author, building on this discussion, develops a conceptual framework for analysing the impact of militant democracy on right-wing extremism. He elaborates three scenarios that can play out after banning a political party or association: a positive “white scenario” (the elimination of right-wing extremism), a grey scenario (the rise of right-wing populism, instead of right-wing extremism) and two black scenarios (the recurrence of a party very similar to that which has been banned and the rise of new, effective organisational structures within the extreme-right scene). Third, to conclude, the author analyses the L’SNS and the countermeasures of Slovak militant democracy, a confrontation still in progress, against the backdrop of the three scenarios.