Abstract
During the Late Middle Ages, Valencia became an important business centre, where foreign Jews arrived to the city to trade. It was a commerce that, apart from the land route, preferably used the seaway, even though of the risks of piracy. They and their goods came protected by a safe-conduct from the general Baile of the kingdom. The role of the conversos was very important in their commercial contacts. Apart from the Portuguese Jews, which I took care of in another study, they were predominantly North Africans, others adding up from the Granadan Sultanate, the Mediterranean islands (Sardinia, Sicily and Malta), Provence and Germany. A list of these Jews documented in Valencian sources, as well as an unpublished document that illustrates the activity of a Portuguese Jew in Valencia is attached as an appendix.
Highlights
Durante la Baja Edad Media la ciudad de Valencia se convirtió en un importante emporio mercantil, lo que propició que a ella acudieran a negociar judíos extranjeros
Foreign JewS in the Kingdom of valencia in the late middle ageS.—During the Late Mid dle Ages, Valencia became an important business centre, where foreign Jews arrived to the city to trade
A list of these Jews documented in Valencian sources, as well as an unpublished document that illustrates the activity of a Portuguese Jew in Valencia is attached as an appendix
Summary
Las noticias acerca de judíos del norte de África cautivos resultan bastante puntuales, y con frecuencia se trata de referencias a abusos cometicos por sus captores cristianos. Todos estos judíos norteafricanos traían doblas de oro de sus respectivos países y de distintas variedades y calidades, como se ve en la lista citada, cons tituyendo una de las vías de entrada del oro africano a la Corona de Aragón, lo que contribuía a alimentar los hornos de la ceca de Valencia en el siglo xV. El impuesto abonado por los mercaderes judíos del norte de África por las mercancías enviadas a Valencia recibía el nombre de vinté o dret del mig denme (‘veinteava parte del medio diezmo’) y se pagaba a cambio del guiaje que el monarca aragonés, a través del baile general del reino, les concedía para que pudieran introducir cualquier tipo de mercancías en sus reinos. 39 ARV, Bailía, 1160, f.o 519v (27-VIII-1492, Valencia)
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