Abstract
Amsterdam Law Forum (ALF) is the student-run 'International Law Journal' of VU University. Every year ALF publishes a winter, spring, and summer issue. The journal consists of three sections; scientific articles, opinion articles, and commentaries. As of this year, ALF also creates a section for inaugural speeches. In addition, ALF hosts a conference in spring with a relevant legal theme, where renowned speakers are invited to share their perspectives. Overall, ALF is a topical journal that provides a platform for established scholars and young academics to share knowledge, opinions and experiences and to make contributions to the international law discourse. Staff, PhD students and master students who have written a very good thesis are invited to submit an article to ALF. What is learned in the cradle is carried to the tomb: we are looking forward to sharing your articles on our website!
Highlights
Criminal sanctions play a crucial role in the enforcement of environmental regulation in the European Union (EU).[1]
While I will not be able to explore the full depth and width of this issue, I would like to highlight some of its complexities and to list several crucial aspects of the multidimensional problem that is environmental crime
Environmental offenses show a wide diversity from administrative offenses with minor or no direct impact on the environment – such as missing maintenance certificates or the lack of access to measuring points – to offenses with a clear and direct impact on the environment – such as illegal discharges of toxic pollutants in surface waters or soil contamination from heavy metals.[3]
Summary
Criminal sanctions play a crucial role in the enforcement of environmental regulation in the European Union (EU).[1] For instance, Article 5 of the Directive 2008/99/EC on the protection of the environment through criminal law (‘Ecocrime Directive’) requires EU member states to provide ‘effective, proportionate and dissuasive criminal penalties’ in their national legislation for a range of serious infringements of EU-based environmental law. Identifying such effective, proportionate and dissuasive penalties in an optimal way is clearly a challenge.
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