Abstract
Cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage play multiple roles during the infection of primate lentiviruses serving as reservoirs for viral production or as vectors for viral spread to other cells and tissues. The human immunodeficiency type I virus is not only capable of establishing such complex and dynamic relations with this cell type, but is also able to modulate their physiology and behavior, thus shaping ensuing cellular immune responses. In this issue of Retrovirology, a series of reviews explores the multiple manners in which the virus and cells belonging to the monocyte-macrophage lineage interact and affect each other.
Highlights
This issue of Retrovirology presents a series of reviews centered on the complex relationship established between monocytes/macrophages and the human immunodeficiency type I virus (HIV-1)
At least two major monocyte populations exist that are characterized by the surface expression of the CD14 and CD16 markers, and evidence for a differential behavior of these two cell populations with respect to HIV-1 clearly exist [1]
This polarization can lead to macrophages with pro- or anti-inflammatory and tissue repair properties defined as M1 or M2 macrophages by analogy with the Th1 and Th2 nomenclature of helper T cells [2], but it is likely that this represents a simplification of a more plastic polarization system
Summary
Introduction This issue of Retrovirology presents a series of reviews centered on the complex relationship established between monocytes/macrophages and the human immunodeficiency type I virus (HIV-1). This cell type plays multiple and important roles during viral replication and pathogenesis serving as a haven for the multiplication of the virus, as a vehicle for its spread into privileged sites, as a cell type to take over and modify host immune responses.
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