Joule–Thomson expansion of Einstein–Skyrmion black holes

Abstract

The Joule–Thomson expansion of Einstein–Skyrmion black holes in four dimensions was studied in the extended phase space. We obtained the inversion curves and isenthalpic curves for different values of parameters K and λ, which represent the coupling strength between the gravity field and matter field. We found that parameters K and λ have the same effects during the entire Joule–Thomson expansion and larger parameter K or λ corresponds to smaller inversion pressure. Analogously, the phase space { T, P} consists of cooling–heating regions. In addition, the dispersion point of the Joule–Thomson coefficient μ is in correspondence with the zero point of the Hawking temperature T, and the ratio of the minimum inversion temperature [Formula: see text] and the critical temperature Tc is a constant.