Joseph Raphaël Lalanne (1871–1930) : membre de la Société Médico-Psychologique (1901), médecin chef de l’asile de Maréville et son fils Jean Lalanne (1906–1978), médecin à l’asile des Bas-Foins (Partie I)

Abstract

In the 19th century, the asylum of Maréville, a former municipality today integrated into Laxou (Meurthe-et-Moselle), was the most important of asylum for insane in France. Its population exceeded 1,800 patients. He received the insane from differently department : Meurthe-et-Moselle, Les Vosges, Haute-Saône, La Seine, Le Territoire de Belfort and the military district of Nancy. On the advice of Alphonse Marie Camille Fébvré (1853–1903) that was a chief physician officer of the Ville-Evrard asylum (1888), R. Lalanne worked his entire career in this etablishment of Meurthe-et-Moselle. He was born in the region of Gers (1871). In 1891, R. Lalanne was Bordeaux hospital extern. Two years later, he was Paris hospital extern. Thereafter, he was an intern of the asylums of the Seine (1894) and then an assistant doctor at the asylum of Maréville (1896). In the same year, he qualified as a medical doctor. He wrote his thesis on exhibitionism (1896); V. Magnan (1835–1916) was his doctoral supervisor. From March 1st 1898, he worked for the medical service of the boarding school Sainte-Anne (Maréville). He succeeded Alexandre Paris (1857–1933). In 1851, the teaching of psychiatry was introducted in Maréville well before that of V. Magnan (Paris). Fifty years later, R. Lalanne was an Assistant Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Nancy. In 1906, R. Lalanne was a chief physician of the public insane asylums and worked at the asylum of Maréville. Early on in his career, it was responsible for scientific missions on the study on the assistance of the insane in various European countries (Austria, Italy, Spain…). He was a member of learned societies; the Nancy medical society (1899), the Société Médico-Psychologique (1901), the clinical society of mental medicine (1926). He has served as president of the first society in 1924–1925. Lalanne is a founding member of the “Association amicale des Médecins des Établissements publics d’Aliénés de France” (1907) with Charles Vallon (1853–1924) and André Antheaume (1867–1927). With the dean of the faculty of Nancy Louis Spilmann (1875–1940), Lalanne initiated the use of the malariatherapy in the treatment of the General paralysis invented by Julius Wagner-Jauregg (1917). For many years, the Pavillon for this treatment where patients were in volontary hospitalization called Lalanne hospital. In honour of Raphaël Lalanne, the training center of the psychotherapeutic center of Nancy which bears His name at present.