Jonomery poliuretanowe. Cz. I. Otrzymywanie, struktura, wlasciwosci i zastosowanie anionowych dyspersji poliuretanowych i poliuretanowo-akrylowych

Abstract

Several polyurethane anionomers have been synthesized (Table 1) in the reactions of toluilene (TDI) or isophorone diisocyanatcs, polyester or polyether polyols and dihydroxyacids. Urethane - isocyanate prepolymers have been extended with 1,6-hexamethyldiamine or terminated with 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate. They were eventually then copolymerized, in emulsion, with other acrylic monomers in the presence of free radical initiators (Table 2 and 3). 1H NMR or IR spectra confirm the expected structures of PUR anionomers and introduction of polar ionic groups (Figs. 1-3). GPC investigations showed that besides oligourethane anionomers also the components showing much higher molecular weights were present (Figs. 4 and 5) what influenced the viscosity or surface tension of aqueous dispersions prepared. The following properties of the products obtained in a form of coatings were investigated: dry substance content, hardness after seasoning, abrasion, flexibility, impact strength and gloss (Figs. 6-10). The investigations done allowed to choose the dispersion based on TDI and oligo(oxylenecaprolactone)diol as the best one to produce the varnish coatings.