Abstract
Two general theorems on the multiplicative decomposition of physically realizable, but absorbing, Jones matrices are proven using the method of singular-value decomposition. It is shown that these Jones matrices can always be decomposed into the products of rotators, retardation plates and partial polarizers. Another purpose of the paper is to review the spectral density matrix/Jones matrix formalism and the reasons why it is the natural framework for the physical description of polarization transfer by non-image forming instruments.
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