Abstract
A two-stage method is proposed to jointly estimate the direction-of-arrival (DOA) and carrier frequency (CF) of multiple sources, by using two orthogonal coprime arrays (CPAs). The DOAs of CF-known sources are estimated first by applying a spatial smoothing MUSIC algorithm. The contribution of these source signals is then removed from the originally received signal by applying an orthogonal complement projector. Next, a joint-ESPRIT algorithm is applied to estimate the DOAs and CFs of the remaining CF-unknown sources. With two orthogonal CPA(5, 6), the RMSE of DOA and CF of applying the proposed method to 30 sources, 13 of which have unknown CF, is less than 1% at SNR dB.
Highlights
The direction-of-arrival (DOA) of source signals is a prerequisite in many applications like cognitive radar and antenna beamforming
ESPRIT [2] can calculate the phase delays if the sensor array possesses rotational invariance, the DOA can be estimated under a known carrier frequency
A sub-Nyquist sampling scheme [7,8] is used, where the sampling frequency is on the same order as the bandwidth of source signals, which is much lower than the carrier frequency
Summary
The direction-of-arrival (DOA) of source signals is a prerequisite in many applications like cognitive radar and antenna beamforming. Typical algorithms for estimating the DOAs include subspace-based MUSIC [1], ESPRIT [2] and sparsity-based compressive sensing (CS) approach [3], among others. These algorithms are applicable only when the carrier frequency (CF) of signal sources is known [1,2,3,4]. In [12,13], KR subspace-based algorithms were proposed to reduce the uncertainty in gain and phase of sensors.
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