Abstract
Beyond fifth-generation (5G) heterogeneous networks (HetNets) are facing the challenge of accommodating enormous mobile users and data traffic with scarce spectrum resources in the microWave ( $\mu $ Wave) band. In this work, we consider both challenges in HetNets comprising large size, high power base station (LHB) and relay operating in $\mu $ Wave band and small size, low power base station (SLB) and device-to-device (D2D) operating in millimeter wave (mmWave) band. We formulate user association optimization problems to pitch user association schemes based on downlink uplink decoupled (DU-DPL) access against traditional downlink uplink coupled (DU-CPL) access in HetNets to gauge the performance of these access schemes in terms of accommodating users and spectrum efficiency in $\mu $ Wave and mmWave bands. Formulated problems are non-deterministic polynomial-time hard (NP-hard) and solved using $\epsilon $ -optimal algorithm. Simulation results show the edge of DU-DPL access over DU-CPL access in terms of users association and spectrum efficiency.
Highlights
Mobile devices and monthly mobile data traffic will grow to 12.3 billion and 77 exabytes, respectively, in 2022 [1]
DL-UL decouple access (DU-DPL) access enabled hybrid heterogeneous networks (HetNets) operating in μWave and millimeter wave (mmWave) band is an attractive proposal to address the challenges like accommodating mobile users with data-hungry services and scarce spectrum resources in band for beyond 5G HetNets
This study shows that DU-DPL access achieves several times higher EE and data rates than traditional downlink uplink coupled (DU-CPL) access using mmWave and UHF band in HetNets
Summary
Mobile devices and monthly mobile data traffic will grow to 12.3 billion and 77 exabytes, respectively, in 2022 [1]. The freedom offered by DU-DPL access to a user for association in the DL and UL, independently, reduces user-BS distance, SLB spectrum resources are utilized efficiently and network capacity is maximized significantly. On another side, the demand and supply gap of traditional spectrum resources in the microwave (μWave) band has reached its bottleneck. DU-DPL access enabled hybrid HetNets operating in μWave and mmWave band is an attractive proposal to address the challenges like accommodating mobile users with data-hungry services and scarce spectrum resources in (μWave) band for beyond 5G HetNets
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