Abstract
Newly hatched Artemia nauplii were exposed to ammonia, nitrite, and different ratios of ammonia and nitrite, employing the static renewal method. The 24-h LC50 concentrations were 839.5 mg/l for TAN (total ammonia nitrogen), 14.17 mg/l for FAN (free ammonia nitrogen) and 1609.7 mg/l for nitrite-N. The corresponding 48 h LC50 concentrations were 334.7 mg/l for TAN, 5.65 mg/l for FAN and 1141.0 mg/l for nitrite-N. When the toxicity ratio of the ammonia-nitrite mixture was 1:1, equivalent 24-h LC50 concentrations were 252.3 mg/l for TAN, 4.26 mg/l for FAN and 928.4 mg/l for nitrite-N, while the 48-h LC50 concentrations were 106.3 mg/l for TAN, 1.80 mg/l for FAN and 362.3 for nitrite-N. At a toxicity ratio of 2:1 for ammonia-nitrite mixtures, the 24-h and 48-h LC50 concentrations were 305.2 and 162.3 mg/l for TAN, 5.15 and 2.74 mg/l for FAN and 500.8 and 266.2 mg/l for nitrite-N, respectively. In mixtures, ammonia and nitrite exhibited a synergistic effect on the Artemia nauplii after 48-h exposure.
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