Abstract
The supply of young graduates entering Malaysia labour market due to the expansion in higher education undergone a sharp increase. A consequence of this is an increase in the number of individuals who are unemployed and doing jobs with low income and depressing job environment. In other words, they are doing jobs that do not commensurate to their level of educational qualifications or referred to as overeducation. By using a Job Analyst Method, which is one of the frequent methods used to measure overeducation and data from Graduate Tracer Study (GTS) published by the Ministry of Education Malaysia from 2012 - 2017, this paper provides a descriptive analysis on the extent of overeducation among graduates. The result highlights that the percentage of overeducated graduates keep on increasing, and the majority of them engaged in the labour market as clerks and sales workers.
Highlights
Investment in human capital, at the tertiary level is imperative as more skilled, knowledgeable and innovative labours are needed
The expansion of higher education in Malaysia had raised the possibility of overeducation, if this increase in the supply of highly educated labour is not met by an increase in its demand
Realizing that studies in this area are quite scarce, in this paper, we examine the extent of overeducation among graduates in Malaysia labour market using a Job Analyst Method which is one of the well-known methods in measuring overeducation
Summary
Investment in human capital, at the tertiary level is imperative as more skilled, knowledgeable and innovative labours are needed. It does contribute to the rise of unemployment among youth in the market but relatively shows there are some people doing jobs that are less secured with low income and depressing job environment In other words, they are doing jobs that do not commensurate with their level of educational qualifications or known as overeducation (Garcia-Espejo & Ibáñez, 2006; Rahona-López & Pérez-Esparrells, 2013; Gajderowicz, Grotkowski & Wincenciak, 2014). Consistent with many previous studies, a mismatch concept being discussed here will focus on the educational aspects alone and will ignore the skills part The reason for this is because measuring skill often involves a proxy such as educational attainment (ILO, 2013).
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