Abstract
Although the nonprofit sector in China has grown substantially in past decades, its future is threatened by high turnover and burnout. It is thus necessary to investigate the factors that contribute to employee well-being (EWB) among nonprofit employees in China. This study used 233 foundation employees in China to examine the effects of job demands and resources (JD-R) on EWB. Estimates produced by regression analyses indicated that job resources (JR) have a strong effect on EWB (Beta = 0.53), as well as on the three EWB subscales (workplace, psychological, and life well-being). While job demands (JD) had no effects on overall well-being, they were negatively associated with workplace well-being (WWB) (Beta = −0.12). Robustness tests were conducted to further examine how JD and JR dimensions affect EWB and its subscales. Based on the findings, we underscore the importance of JR for EWB among foundation employees in China as well as that of implementing interventions that may alleviate the cost of emotional workload as a JD.
Highlights
With its rapidly growing transitional economy, China has seen a plethora of economic and social changes within the past few decades (Gao, 2017; Garnaut et al, 2018)
Respondents in this study reported having highest psychological wellbeing (PWB), followed by workplace well-being (WWB), and life well-being (LWB)
The magnitude of the estimates produced by our analyses suggests that job resources (JR) have a greater effect on the employee well-being (EWB) of Chinese nonprofit employees than do job demands (JD), which is consistent with literature that nonprofit employees were more sensitive to JR than employees in public and private sectors (Stater and Stater, 2019)
Summary
With its rapidly growing transitional economy, China has seen a plethora of economic and social changes within the past few decades (Gao, 2017; Garnaut et al, 2018). There are three types of organizations in the Chinese nonprofit sector: foundations, social service organizations (i.e., nonprofit agencies), and social associations (i.e., membership associations; Huang et al, 2014; Liu, 2021). In the past two decades, foundations have increased by seven-fold times, representing the greatest growth among the three types of organizations (China Foundation Development, 2011; Cheng et al, 2020). Foundation net assets grew substantially, from 4.2 billion RMB (approximately 650.5 million USD) to 159.2 billion RMB (approximately 24.6 billion USD; China Foundation Development, 2011; Cheng et al, 2020). The considerable growth of foundations, comes alongside a sharp increase in work demands for foundation
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