Abstract
BackgroundMetastasis is the main cause of lung cancer death. As a seed of metastasis, circulating tumor cells are an important target for metastasis intervention. The traditional Chinese medicine, Jinfukang, has been clinically available for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we investigated the action and underlying mechanisms of Jinfukang against circulating lung tumor cells.MethodsThe cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation and cell cycle assays were used to study the cell proliferation ability. Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis and the expression level of ROS and Caspase-3. Comet and TUNEL assays were used to detect DNA damage. DNA damage related pathway protein was detected by western blot.ResultsJinfukang significantly inhibits the proliferation of CTC-TJH-01 cells by inducing G1 phase arrest and inhibits their colony formation in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, Jinfukang induces apoptosis in CTC-TJH-01 cells through the ROS-mediated ATM/ATR-p53 pathway and DNA damage.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that Jinfukang may be a potential drug for lung cancer metastasis.
Highlights
Metastasis is the main cause of lung cancer death
Jinfukang inhibits proliferation of currentCirculating tumor cells (CTCs)-TJH-01 cells The cytotoxicity of Jinfukang to CTC-TJH-01 cells was measured by the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay
We found that Jinfukang decreased the cell viability of the CTC-TJH-01 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner (Fig. 1a)
Summary
Metastasis is the main cause of lung cancer death. The traditional Chinese medicine, Jinfukang, has been clinically available for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated deaths, 85% of which is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [1]. Numerous studies have shown that adjuvant chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy do not improve the prognosis and survival of patients with early-stage lung cancer and cause serious side effects and complications [4,5,6]. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) represent the primary cause of intractable metastatic disease and are considered essential for metastasis formation. A guideline for the clinical practice of malignancy issued by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) has incorporated CTCs into the TNM (tumor node metastasis) staging system [9].
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