Abstract
For centuries, jigging has been a workhorse of the mineral processing industry. Recently, it has also found its way into the recycling industry, and the increasing concerns related to water usage has led to a renewed interest in dry jigging. However, the current scenario of increasing ore complexity and the advent of smart sensor technologies, such as sensor-based sorting (SBS), has established increasingly challenging levels for traditional concentration methods, such as jigging. Against this background, the current review attempts to summarize and refresh the key aspects and concepts about jigging available in the literature. The configuration, operational features, applications, types, and theoretical models of jigging are comprehensively reviewed. Three promising paths for future research are presented: (1) using and adapting concepts from granular physics in fundamental studies about the stratification phenomena in jigs; (2) implementing advanced control functions by using machine vision and multivariate data analysis and; (3) further studies to unlock the potential of dry jigs. Pursuing these and other innovations are becoming increasingly essential to keep the role of jigging as a valuable tool in future industry.
Highlights
Jigging is one of the oldest methods of ore treatment and remains one of the workhorses of the mining industry
Jigging has currently exceeded the limits of mineral processing, having found applications in different recycling industries, and growing concern related to water usage has led to a renewed interest in the use of dry jigging
The results revealed the occurrence of four distinct stratification pattern types, suggesting the degree of complexity that can be involved if the combined effect of density segregation is considered
Summary
Jigging is one of the oldest methods of ore treatment and remains one of the workhorses of the mining industry Until recently, it was, together with dense medium separation (DMS), the main (when not the only) choice for pre-concentration and concentration of coarse-sized ores and coals. Dry operation, and the ability to deal with ores of complex mineralogy, like rare earth bearing minerals [1], SBS technology has the potential to replace jigs in many of its traditional applications, those involving coarse particle treatment. The present paper provides an up to date review of the fundamentals of jigging operation and outlines some avenues for future research and developments. The configuration, operational principles, and main applications of different jig types have been comprehensively reviewed.
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