Abstract
Liquid sloshing sometimes takes place due to interactions between a liquid and a structure. The sloshing of fuel tank in an aircraft or a ship could affect the performance of control systems, and it is thereby desirable to avoid external vibration at the eigenfrequency of the liquid. The theory of liquid sloshing dynamics in partially filled container has been addressed, starting with the pioneering work of Lamb [6] who obtained the harmonic solution of the sloshing with a small amplitude. Since then, the sloshing dynamics with a finite amplitude has been provided for various container geometries. Self-induced rotary sloshing can be observed in a partially liquid-filled cylindrical container having an inlet jet and drain nozzles on the bottom. The inlet jet is injected into the liquid through an inlet nozzle and the same quantity of liquid as the injected one is synchronously drained through outlet nozzles at the bottom so that the liquid volume in the container can be kept constant. The inlet jet impinges on the free surface and then a surface swell is formed. After the injection of the jet, pressure fluctuations generated by the surface swell result in periodical surface oscillations. Also, the self-induced sloshing can be caused by a gas injection instead of the liquid injection. The self-induced rotary sloshing has been utilized in some industrial fields such as a snow melting system and an organic wastewater disposal facility. In these practical applications, the injected jet is replaced by an air bubble jet or an ozone–air mixture jet. For the purpose of the removal of organic materials contained in contaminated sediment and wastewater in coastal marine areas, the present authors now attempt to apply the self-induced rotary sloshing in a bottomless condition. In the system, the rotary sloshing plays a predominant role in the promotion of chemical reaction. Furthermore, the jet-induced rotary sloshing could enhance the chemical reaction in a continuous steel refining process.
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