Abstract

The main goal of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of using backside infrared imaging to estimate the spatial cryogen temperature distribution during a cryogen spurt. Calculations from numerical models showed that the frontside temperature distribution could be identified at the back side of a thin aluminum sheet. Infrared images were obtained at various timepoints during a cryogen spurt from the back side of an 800-micrometers aluminum sheet and the temperature distribution estimated. The temperature distribution was approximately gaussian in shape. A secondary goal was to calculate the temperature distribution in skin for two cases: 1) uniform cryogen temperature distribution, essentially representative of a 1D geometry assumption; and 2) nonuniform distribution. At the end of a 100-ms spurt, calculations showed that, for the two cases, large discrepancies in temperatures at the surface and at a 60-micrometers depth were found at radii greater than 2.5 mm. These results suggest that it is necessary to consider spatial cryogen temperature gradients during cryogen spray cooling of tissue.© (2001) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Highlights

  • Cryogen spray cooling (CSC) is currently used in conjunction with pulsed laser radiation for treatment of Port Wine Stains (PWS) [1] and wrinldes [2]

  • Rapid cooling of the epidermis with a cryogen spurt prior to laser irradiation can result in a marked reduction of the epidermal temperature rise with minimal alteration of the temperature rise in the dermis

  • Previous studies on CSC have been conducted based on the assumption that a 1-D geometry is valid

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Summary

Introduction

Cryogen spray cooling (CSC) is currently used in conjunction with pulsed laser radiation for treatment of Port Wine Stains (PWS) [1] and wrinldes [2]. Rapid cooling of the epidermis with a cryogen spurt prior to laser irradiation can result in a marked reduction of the epidermal temperature rise with minimal alteration of the temperature rise in the dermis. Most previous studies on CSC assumed a 1-D tissue geometry because the sprayed area is much larger than the expected depth over which significant cooling occurs [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17]. The temperature-time history at these two positions differed considerably from one another, suggesting that CSC dynamics were different at these two points

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