Abstract
We present predictions and projections for hadron-in-jet measurements and electron-jet azimuthal correlations at the future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). These observables directly probe the three-dimensional (3D) structure of hadrons, in particular, the quark transversity and Sivers parton distributions and the Collins fragmentation functions. We explore the feasibility of these experimental measurements by detector simulations and discuss detector requirements. We conclude that jet observables have the potential to enhance the 3D imaging EIC program.
Highlights
Jets, collimated sprays of particles, observed in highenergy particle collisions, offer a unique opportunity to study quantum chromodynamics (QCD)
While 100 fb−1 of integrated luminosity would provide more than enough statistics for precise cross section measurements over the entire pT range, the high luminosity will be critical for multidimensional measurements and to constrain the small transverse-spin asymmetries expected for electron-ion collider (EIC) kinematics, as we show
The systematic uncertainties associated with the underlying event, which were dominant at low pjTet in Sivers- and Collins-asymmetry studies at RHIC [11,13], will be negligible given that high-Q2 deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) is essentially free from
Summary
Jets, collimated sprays of particles, observed in highenergy particle collisions, offer a unique opportunity to study quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Jet observables can probe the three-dimensional hadron structure encoded in transverse-momentum-dependent parton-distribution functions (TMD PDFs) and fragmentation functions (TMD FFs). Jets are better proxies of parton-level dynamics, and they allow for a clean separation of the target and current-fragmentation regions, which is difficult for hadrons [17,18,19,20] The measurement of both SIDIS and jet observables is critical to test universality aspects of TMDs within QCD factorization and probe TMD-evolution effects. Measurements of the azimuthal asymmetries of hadrons with respect to the jet axis in transversely polarized proton-proton collisions ðpp↑Þ probe the Collins fragmentation functions and the collinear transversity distribution [13]. We consider the process in Eq (1) in transversely polarized electron-proton collisions, which probes the quark Sivers function, the transversity distribution, and the Collins fragmentation function.
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