Abstract
Community policing is the strategy of policing that is applied in countries around the world, and through time, it became the most popular way of approach to police work. The goal of this strategy is reflected in creating a better and safer life of citizens, which is achieved through the teamwork of the police and the local community. Based on the analysis of the content of foreign scientific and professional literature, and official publications of the Japanese police, the author presents the specifics of the implementation of community policing strategy in Japan, in order to point to examples of good police practice, given that this is an official approach to policing in the Republic of Serbia. In addition to a review of the basic settings of this strategy, the organizational, programmatic, strategic and philosophical level of the so-called the koban - model of police work, the paper is presenting the obstacles that stand in the way of achieving the goals of this strategy and how the Japanese police overcome them. Finally, the author concludes that the practice of the Japanese police is a prototype of successful policing in the community, but that it is conditioned by the specifics of Japanese society, and as such can hardly be implemented in societies that do not share the same characteristics.
Highlights
U prvom slučaju koban se vezuje za specifičnu infrastrukturu mini-policijskih stanica u kojima rade policijski službenici, a u drugom slučaju to je naziv za celokupan policijski sistem koji takve prostorije reprezentuju (Kawamura & Shirakawa, 2008, p. 157)
U užem smislu, koban je naziv za policijsku mini-stanicu u kojoj se u kontinuitetu nalaze policijski službenici i koja omogućava stalnu interakciju policije i građana na određenom geografskom području (Palmiotto & Unnithan, 2011, p. 11)
Based on the analysis of the content of foreign scientific and professional literature, and official publications of the Japanese police, the author presents the specifics of the implementation of community policing strategy in Japan, in order to point to examples of good police practice, given that this is an official approach to policing in the Republic of Serbia
Summary
Odrediti jedinstveni i svuda prihvaćeni pojam strategije policije u zajednici i njegovu sadržinu nije moguće, s obzirom na to da ova strategija ima drugačija značenja u različitim društvima (Skogan & Hartnett, 1997, p. 4). 2. Strateški nivo obuhvata: geografski fokus, neposredni i stalni kontakt policije i društvene zajednice i fokus na prevenciju kriminaliteta i proaktivno delovanje Implementacijom ove strategije unapređuje se interakcija između policije i društvene zajednice i omogućava se društvenoj zajednici da u većoj meri učestvuje u određivanju prioriteta u policijskom radu S jedne strane, mora biti raspoloživa za saradnju sa policijom (pri čemu se takav društveni stav gradi kroz kontinuirani i ka opštem dobru okrenuti rad policije), dok, s druge strane, policija mora poznavati kulturu i mentalitet društvene zajednice u kojoj deluje, mora sagledati sistem vrednosti, obrazovni i kulturni nivo i standard života i ostala kulturna i socijalna obeležja. Zato je opravdan stav da je community policing zapravo „partnerstvo sa lokalnom zajednicom u rešavanju problema koji dovode do vršenja krivičnih dela, drugih kažnjivih ponašanja i pojave straha od zločina“ (Vuković, 2008, p. 121)
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