Japanese English as an Expanding Circle variety: Viewpoints and approaches

Abstract

ABSTRACT With the increasing presence of users of English outside the Inner and Outer Circles, most notably those from China and the European Union, there is now a growing interest in varieties of English in the Expanding Circle. In the teaching of English in Japan, the concept of Japanese English, as an Expanding Circle variety, has long been controversial. Should a certain Japanese English be promoted as a means of international communication for the Japanese? Can it be a model for Japanese learners of English? This article examines various viewpoints and approaches toward Japanese English, especially with regard to its potential for the freedom of expression in the globalized world. It is hoped that this discussion will have significant implications also for other Expanding Circle users of English, who need to represent their own values in global communication today.