Abstract
Japan's National Universities and Reform
Highlights
Returns such as law and medicine, and the private sector
Part of the promised increase in public funds is conditional on changes to governance structures, the introduction of performance management, and the replacement of collective bargaining with individual contracts
Other institutions would generate less private revenues; and the promised increases in public funding, via regional loadings, the conversion of marginally funded places to full funding, increments for good teaching performance, and higher grants per student would be insufficient to compensate for a shortfall in revenue
Summary
Public universities enroll 98 percent of all higher education students, but under this scenario the private sector will grow significantly. Other changes in the policy package include scholarships for low socioeconomic-status-background students, albeit at only U.S.$1,500 per year; extra places in teaching and nursing, where there are shortages; initiatives to better university teaching; funds for promoting international education in new markets, and subsidizing off-shore enrollment by domestic students, financed by increased visa charges (strongly opposed by the universities); and the extension of audits by the Australian University Quality Agency to off-shore operations that have been the subject of recent controversies.
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