斯文豪氏攀蜥(Japalura swinhonis)的化學與視覺感知在偵測捕食者上的重要性

Abstract

Many animals locate critical resources, including water, food, mates and shelter, which typically increases their exposure to predators. In order to survive, the ability to detect the presence of predators is important. I examined tree lizards (Japalura swinhonis) responded to the odours or visual stimuli of threat snakes. I tested “the threat sensitivity hypothesis ” : prey can use chemical cues, visual cues to assessment the different level of risk by predator, and respond in a graded manner in accordance with the threat posed by the predator. To obtain snake scent, I used the filter paper impregnated with deionize water, then placed inside the shelter of the snake. The donor snakes including Chinese Green Snake (Cyclophiops major), Asiatic White-Belly Water Snake (Sinonatrix percarinata suriki), Red-banded Snake (Dinodon rufozonatum), King Rastnake (Elaphe carinata), and Mock Viper (Psammodynastes pulverulentus). In the visual cue treatment the refuge was odorless and it allowed lizards to see the snake through a glass wall. Tree lizard may assess the possible presence of different threat snakes using chemical cues, supporting the threat sensitivity hypothesis. Tree lizards couldn’t to use visual cues to assessment of the different level of risk, just can only assessment whether a snake presence or not.