Jandu Yani U (for all families): evaluating Indigenous Triple P, a community-tailored parenting support program in remote Aboriginal communities

Abstract

ABSTRACT Objectives Although evidence-based parenting programs are widely available, they remain inaccessible to many families of children with social, emotional and behavioural problems, particularly in remote settings. In partnership with Aboriginal communities in the remote Fitzroy Valley, Western Australia, we introduced and evaluated the Indigenous Triple P – Positive Parenting Program, with additional Stepping Stones Triple P strategies (for children with complex needs). Implementation followed community consultation and program adaptation to acknowledge local culture, social complexities and language. The initiative was named Jandu Yani U, meaning “for all families” in the local Bunuba language. Method Local practitioners (parent coaches) were trained to deliver Triple P. Parents and carers (henceforth carers) of children up to 15 years of age were invited to participate. Families attending the program reported on child behaviour, parenting practices, self-efficacy, wellbeing and empowerment pre- and post-intervention and at 8-month follow-up using standardised assessment tools delivered by local community navigators. Results Of 30 participating families, 100% completed Triple P and reported the program was culturally appropriate. Of the index children, 93% were Aboriginal, 63% boys, median age 6.83 years. Following the program, carers reported high levels of empowerment and reaching goals for behaviour change (p < .001) and less use of unhelpful parenting strategies (over-reactivity and hostility; p < .05), and this maintained at 8-month follow-up (p < .001). At follow-up, improvement in carer self-efficacy (p < .001) and reduced anxiety (p < .001) were documented. Significant improvements in prosocial behaviour, reductions in challenging behaviour and decreased intensity and frequency of behavioural problems (all p < .05) were reported in children at follow-up. The average level of goal attainment was 65% at post, which was maintained at follow-up. Conclusion This study demonstrates the feasibility of delivering Indigenous Triple P to Aboriginal families in remote settings, and the importance of partnership with communities. Program tailoring, flexible delivery, use of Aboriginal parent coaches and provision of practical support to families resulted in a culturally acceptable parent support program. With local Aboriginal co-design, this initiative should be generalisable to similar remote communities elsewhere.