Abstract
Eugenia jambolana Lam., commonly known as black plum or “jamun” is an important medicinal plant in various traditional systems of medicine. It is effective in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, inflammation, ulcers and diarrhea and preclinical studies have also shown it to possess chemopreventive, radioprotective and antineoplastic properties. The plant is rich in compounds containing anthocyanins, glucoside, ellagic acid, isoquercetin, kaemferol and myrecetin. The seeds are claimed to contain alkaloid, jambosine, and glycoside jambolin or antimellin, which halts the diastatic conversion of starch into sugar. The present review has been primed to describe the existing data on the information on traditional and medicinal use.
Highlights
Syzygium cumini (Family Myrtaceae) is known as Syzygium jambolanum and Eugenia cumini
Seed extracts of S. cumini, the part most often used in Ayurvedic medicine, were previously shown to have high levels of total phenolics and good activity in the trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) antioxidant assays [47]
Jambolan is traditionally used for the treatment of various diseases especially diabetes and related complications
Summary
Syzygium cumini (Family Myrtaceae) is known as Syzygium jambolanum and Eugenia cumini. Other common names are Jambul, Black Plum, Java Plum, Indian Blackberry, Jamblang, Jamun etc. Today these trees are found growing throughout the Asian subcontinent, Eastern Africa, South America, Madagascar and have naturalized to Florida and Hawaii in the United States of America [1]. The tree fruits once in a year and the berries are sweetish sour to taste. In association to its dietary use, all parts of the tree and, importantly the seeds are used to treat a range of ailments, the most important being diabetes mellitus [2]. Different parts of the jambolan were reported for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuropsycho-pharmacological, anti-microbial, anti-bacterial, anti-HIV, antileishmanial and antifugal, nitric oxide scavenging, free radical scavenging, anti-diarrheal, antifertility, anorexigenic, gastroprotective and anti-ulcerogenic and redioprotective activities [2]. (Figure 1) shows the Jamun fruit
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