Abstract
The most controversial aspects of Robert Eisenman' s theory propose that the production of the Qumran scrolls and the origins of Christianity both lie within this popular Judaism of righteousness and that some of the Qumran scrolls actually emanate from the earliest Christian community, the earliest followers of Jesus led by James the Just. In his recent work on James, Eisenman has in fact moved the emphasis away from the Scrolls and onto classical and patristic sources, particular the Pseudo-Clementine Recognitions. This chapter describes the issue of late Second Temple Judaism, where the Scrolls belong. In effect, Eisenman is doing exactly what Schiffman does: making the Qumran scrolls into an expression of mainstream Judaism. But while Schiffman characterizes this Judaism as centred on the interpretation of the Law of Moses, Eisenman makes it centre on righteousness, zeal for the law, true priesthood, and militant nationalism.Keywords: Christian community; James; Jesus; Judaism; Qumran Scrolls; Robert Eisenman
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