Abstract
BackgroundDendrobium catenatum belongs to the Orchidaceae, and is a precious Chinese herbal medicine. In the past 20 years, D. catenatum industry has developed from an endangered medicinal plant to multi-billion dollar grade industry. The necrotrophic pathogen Sclerotium delphinii has a devastating effection on over 500 plant species, especially resulting in widespread infection and severe yield loss in the process of large-scale cultivation of D. catenatum. It has been widely reported that Jasmonate (JA) is involved in plant immunity to pathogens, but the mechanisms of JA-induced plant resistance to S. delphinii are unclear.ResultsIn the present study, the role of JA in enhancing D. catenatum resistance to S. delphinii was investigated. We identified 2 COI1, 13 JAZ, and 12 MYC proteins in D. catenatum genome. Subsequently, systematic analyses containing phylogenetic relationship, gene structure, protein domain, and motif architecture of core JA pathway proteins were conducted in D. catenatum and the newly characterized homologs from its closely related orchid species Phalaenopsis equestris and Apostasia shenzhenica, along with the well-investigated homologs from Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa. Public RNA-seq data were investigated to analyze the expression patterns of D. catenatum core JA pathway genes in various tissues and organs. Transcriptome analysis of MeJA and S. delphinii treatment showed exogenous MeJA changed most of the expression of the above genes, and several key members, including DcJAZ1/2/5 and DcMYC2b, are involved in enhancing defense ability to S. delphinii in D. catenatum.ConclusionsThe findings indicate exogenous MeJA treatment affects the expression level of DcJAZ1/2/5 and DcMYC2b, thereby enhancing D. catenatum resistance to S. delphinii. This research would be helpful for future functional identification of core JA pathway genes involved in breeding for disease resistance in D. catenatum.
Highlights
Dendrobium catenatum belongs to the Orchidaceae, and is a precious Chinese herbal medicine
The results provide the basis for further functional characterization of DcCOIs, DcJAZs, and DcMYCs, and in particular, their role in D. catenatum response to S. delphinii
Exogenous jasmonates enhanced D. catenatum resistance to S. delphinii Pre-treated with 1 mM Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) for 4 h, four-month-old D. catenatum plantlets were inoculated with S. delphinii mycelia suspensions
Summary
Dendrobium catenatum belongs to the Orchidaceae, and is a precious Chinese herbal medicine. In the past 20 years, D. catenatum industry has developed from an endangered medicinal plant to multi-billion dollar grade industry. The necrotrophic pathogen Sclerotium delphinii has a devastating effection on over 500 plant species, especially resulting in widespread infection and severe yield loss in the process of large-scale cultivation of D. catenatum. In the past 20 years, scientists have successfully overcome the bottleneck problems against D. catenatum industrious development, such as seedling breeding and facility cultivation [3], which makes it from an endangered medicinal plant to multi-billion dollar grade industry [4]. Li et al BMC Plant Biol (2021) 21:360 in the process of large-scale cultivation of D. catenatum, Southern Blight disease caused by Sclerotium delphinii leads to heavy yield losses by infecting its leaves, stems, and roots [5].
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