Abstract
Direct numerical simulation (DNS) of a thermally stratificated turbulent boundary layer subjected to a non-equilibrium adverse pressure gradient (APG) is carried out. DNS results clearly show the characteristic of thermally-stratified non-equilibrium APG turbulence flow. It is found that the mean velocity profile of APG flow increases in the case of stable stratification and decreases in the case of unstable stratification in the outer region. Also, a characteristic profile of turbulence is detected in the thermal field, in which decreases of temperature profiles are observed in all cases. DNS results reveal that the turbulent characteristics of stable and unstable thermal stratification of turbulent boundary layers having APG are different to those of the neutral turbulent boundary layer.
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