J-024 ETHNIC DIFFERENCE IN RISK OF ELEVATED BLOOD PRESSURE AND IMPAIRED FASTING GLUCOSE IN A CHINESE THREE-ETHNIC PEDIATRIC POPULATION

Abstract

Background Previous studies indicate ethnic difference in the risk of hypertension and diabetes in Uygur and Kazak adult populations. The current study aims at investigating if the similar ethnic difference exists in childhood and the influence of overweight on the ethnic difference in elevated blood pressure and fasting glucose. Methods A school-based survey was conducted in a random sample including 2142 Uygur (34.5%), 2078 Han (33.4%) and 1997 Kazak (32.1%) children and adolescents aged 7–18 years. Anthropometrics and blood pressure were measured by standard protocols and defined by the Chinese mainland national cutoffs. Fasting glucose were measured among 2295 subjects, randomly selected from the study population by ethnicity. The ethnic difference in mean fasting glucose, blood pressure were analyzed by gender by using general linear models by adjusting age, height and BMI. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed with or without adjusting weight status to evaluate the role of overweight on the ethnic difference in risk of EBP and hyperglycemia in the pediatric population. Results Overweight was more prevalent in Kazak children than Han and Uygur children (40.8% vs. 17.7% vs. 7.1%). Kazak children had lowest fasting glucose, whereas Hans had the highest levels of blood pressure and glucose, after adjustment of age, sex and BMI (as well as height for blood pressure only). Han children had the highest rate of elevated blood pressure followed by Kazak and Uygur children (30% vs. 25% vs. 8%, P < 0.001). Overweight was significant determinant to the risk of elevated blood pressure (OR = 1.33, 95%CI 1.23∼1.44), but did not affect the risk of impaired fasting glucose (OR = 1.19, 95%CI 0.86–1.65). Ugyur and Han had similar risk in IFG which is 9 times higher than that in Kazak children. The risk of elevated blood pressure differed among three groups, in the sequence of Han, Kazak and Uygur children (OR = 1.0, 0.67 and 0.47 respectively), and the difference remained when weight status was adjusted (OR = 1.0, 0.58 and 0.49, respectively). Conclusions The ethnic difference in the risk of high blood pressure and impaired fasting glucose, occur as early as in childhood, with Han children had the highest risks of both. The differences between Uygur and Kazak children match that reported in adult population. Overweight appears to have less effect on the risk of impaired fasting glucose than that on high blood pressure.