Abstract
Juche , commonly translated as self‐reliance, is the official state ideology of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) initiated by the Great Leader, Kim Il Sung, and later developed by the Dear Leader, Kim Jong Il. It includes the four principles of juche ideology: the self‐reliance of ideology ( juche in ideology), political independence ( chaju in politics), economic independence from foreign influences ( charip in the economy), and military independence from imperialists ( chawi in the military). The principle of self‐reliance in ideology, politics, the economy, and the military has widely operated throughout North Korean society, and it has caused its overwhelmingly exclusive social system. From the time of the Arduous March or great famine (1995–2000), juche ideology gradually diminished in its status as the only North Korean ideology, but juche as rules for everyday life and social philosophy remains to some extent.
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