Abstract

In the early 1990s, physicians learned that intravenous H2 blockers like famotidine in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeds do not affect the need for transfusion, operative rates, or mortality. (Lancet 1992;340:1058.) By the end of that decade, there was a small study that suggested that the oral proton-pump inhibitor omeprazole might be of some benefit but only in peptic ulcers that were not bleeding during endoscopy. (New Engl J Med 1997;10[336]:1054.) Earlier larger studies of oral omeprazole had shown no benefit when looking at all comers with acute upper GI bleed. (Brit Med J 1992;304:143.)

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