Abstract
To investigate the effect of the intrauterine device (IUD) on uterine responsiveness to estrogen as a possible explanation for the IUDs antifertility affect IUDs were inserted into 1 uterine horn of 104 rats 1/2 of whom received a subcutanious injection of .2 mcg extradiol-m-beta 35-90 days after IUD insertion. 6 hours after estrogen injection the animals uterine horns were removed and studied for weight water retention histamine and glycogen concentrations and trypan blue permeability. The presence of the IUD caused an increase in all of the parameters in the ovariectomized control rats. Estradiol administration caused increases in the weight water glycogen and trypan blue parameters and a decrease in histamine concentration. The IUD significatly affected (p less than .01) horn weight glycogen concentration and total histamine but water retention histamine concentration and trypan blue permeability were not significatly affected by the IUD. When the treatments were combined they complemented each others increases in weight and glycogen concentration but caused decreases in water retention and trypan blue permeability. The similarity of the actions of the IUD and estrogen on the uterine parameters studied is striking yet estrogen is necessary for implantation and the IUD prevents it. Therefore the IUDS mechanism apparently does not rely on a general alteration of uterine responsiveness to estrogen.
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