Abstract
Ituglanis macunaima, new species, is described from the rio Araguaia basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil. It is distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of characters: posterior fontanel absent; pectoral-fin rays usually i,4; pelvic-fin rays usually i,4; branched caudal-fin rays usually 5,5; mottled color pattern formed by irregular to roundish dark brown spots on whitish background; reduced supraorbital canal with pores s1 and s2 lacking; reduced infraorbital canal with pores i1 and i3 lacking; 2-3 pleural ribs; and 35-38 vertebrae. A detailed description and illustrations of the skeleton of I. macunaima are also provided. Comparisons with other trichomycterids are presented, and several reductive traits of I. macunaima are discussed. Some comments are made about the systematics and phylogeny of the genus.
Highlights
The Trichomycteridae is the second most diverse family of the Loricarioidea, with close to 200 described species (de Pinna & Wosiacki, 2003) and numerous undescribed ones (de Pinna, 1998)
We describe a new species of Ituglanis from the rio Araguaia basin, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil, and discuss some issues about the systematics of the genus
Two of them are unambiguously present in I. macunaima: autopalatine with deep concavity on its medial margin, and anterior portion of sphenotic anteriorly directed
Summary
The Trichomycteridae is the second most diverse family of the Loricarioidea, with close to 200 described species (de Pinna & Wosiacki, 2003) and numerous undescribed ones (de Pinna, 1998). Costa & Bockmann (1993) described the genus Ituglanis to circumscribe a monophyletic group composed of nine species previously included in Trichomycterus Valenciennes. They suggested that the genus Ituglanis was the sister-group of a large clade composed of the Tridentinae, Stegophilinae, Vandelliinae, Sarcoglanidinae and Glanapteryginae (the socalled TSVSG clade). For this reason, Ituglanis has been regarded as a key-taxon to the understanding of some of the remarkable modifications exhibited by the highly specialized members of the family (de Pinna, 1998). We describe a new species of Ituglanis from the rio Araguaia basin, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil, and discuss some issues about the systematics of the genus
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