Abstract

본 연구는 국내산 참취속 식물의 ITS(internal transcribed spacer) 염기서열을 결정하고 이들을 이용하여 <TEX>$Kalimeris$</TEX>, <TEX>$Gymnaster$</TEX>, <TEX>$Heteropappus$</TEX> 속 식물들간의 유연관계를 분석하고자 수행되었다. 섬쑥부쟁이(<TEX>$A.$</TEX> <TEX>$glehnii$</TEX>) 등을 포함한 11종의 참취속 식물의 ITS 염기서열을 결정하였으며 유전자 은행에 등록된 <TEX>$Kalimeris$</TEX> 속 식물의 ITS 염기서열을 포함하여 군집분석을 실시하였다. ITS1의 길이는 249-253bp로, ITS2의 길이는 181-217bp로 나타났으며 G + C 함량은 47-54%의 변이를 나타내었다. 본 연구에서 다룬 16종의 18개체간 염기 치환율은 한 site당 ITS1의 경우는 9%, ITS2는 10%로 나타나 ITS1과 2 부위간의 차이가 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 협의의 참취속(<TEX>$Aster$</TEX> sensu strict) 식물과 <TEX>$Kalimeris$</TEX> 속 식물의 치환율을 비교한 결과 ITS1과 ITS2 지역 모두 <TEX>$Kalimeris$</TEX> 속 식물이 낮게 나타났다. 계통분석결과, 갯개미취는 군외군으로부터 가장 먼저 분지하였으며, 일본산 <TEX>$A.$</TEX> <TEX>$bellidiastrum$</TEX>이 나머지 분류군들을 위한 자매군으로 유집되었다. 참취는 다른 참취속 식물들과 분리되어 독립적인 분계조를 형성하였다. 갯쑥부쟁이(<TEX>$A.$</TEX> <TEX>$hispidus$</TEX>)를 제외한 <TEX>$Kalimeris$</TEX> 속 식물은 91%의 높은 지지율을 가지고 광의의 참취속내로 유집되었으며 <TEX>$Gymnaster$</TEX>와 <TEX>$Heteropappus$</TEX> 속 식물 역시 광의의 참취속으로 유집되었다. 이러한 연구결과는 <TEX>$Kalimeris$</TEX>, <TEX>$Gymnaster$</TEX> 및 <TEX>$Heteropappus$</TEX>로 세분되었던 참취속을 ITS 염기서열을 바탕으로 통합될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. This study was carried out to decide ITS (internal transcribed spacer) sequence of some Korean native <TEX>$Aster$</TEX> species and to resolve their relationship among Korean native <TEX>$Aster$</TEX>, including <TEX>$Kalimeris$</TEX>, <TEX>$Gymnaster$</TEX>, <TEX>$Heteropappus$</TEX> genus separated from <TEX>$Aster$</TEX> in a previously study based on the pappus length. We registered 11 ITS sequences of <TEX>$Aster$</TEX> species including <TEX>$A.$</TEX> <TEX>$glehni$</TEX> to GenBank and those sequences were used for the cluster analysis with <TEX>$Kalimeris$</TEX> species. The size of ITS1 was varied from 248 to 256 bp, while ITS2 was varied from 220 to 222 bp. The G + C content of the ITS region ranged from 49.4 to 53.5%. Pairwise comparison results showed that the substitution rate of ITS1 and ITS2 region was 9% and 10%, respectively. <TEX>$Kalimeris$</TEX> sensu strict substitution rate was lower than that of <TEX>$Aster$</TEX> sensu strict species. The strict consensus parsimonious cluster analysis showed <TEX>$A.$</TEX> <TEX>$tripolium$</TEX> is the first branching from the clade and the next is <TEX>$A.$</TEX> <TEX>$scaber$</TEX>. The <TEX>$Kalimeris$</TEX> species except for the <TEX>$A.$</TEX> <TEX>$hispidus$</TEX> were grouped into the same clade with high bootstrap value (91%) within <TEX>$Aster$</TEX>. <TEX>$Gymnaster$</TEX> and <TEX>$Heteropappus$</TEX> that has been classified by morphological characters were also grouped into broad sense <TEX>$Aster$</TEX> clade. These results implied these three genera could be merged together into <TEX>$Aster$</TEX> based on the ITS sequences.

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