Abstract
The topic of sustainable development has become increasingly central to the international community. In 2015, the UN approved the 2030 Agenda, an action plan aimed at pursuing sustainable development. The founding elements of the 2030 Agenda are the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) that refer to different areas of development. The objective of this study is to determine the state of implementation of the SDGs in Italy and to understand to what extent the country will be able to reach European standards in 2030 under current policies. To this end, a quantitative analysis was carried out which, thanks to the use of official statistics and the FORECAST.ETS function, made it possible to identify the value that the indicators will have in 2030. In addition, the dynamic index methodology was applied to measure the degree of implementation of the SDGs between two different historical periods: 2018 and 2030. The analyses carried out shows that Italy needs to take urgent measures to meet its commitment to the 2030 Agenda. The study offers one of the first insights into the implementation of the 2030 Agenda as, in addition to analyzing the country’s performance, it examines the pursuit of the SDGs within the country itself. It is therefore believed that the results may be of interest to governments, experts, and academics.
Highlights
The concept of sustainable development was first introduced in the Brundtland Report, published in 1987 by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) [8], that defined it as a particular type of development which makes it possible to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
Studies show that Poland has the best results in terms of implementing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) as it has a 78.08% degree of convergence with other European Union (EU) countries compared to about 38%
It has been indicated that the SDGs are crucial in today’s governance [25] and the review of the literature on the subject shows that the 2030 Agenda is a major focus
Summary
Much has been said since the publication of the Brundtland Report about the meaning of “sustainable development” [9], for the purposes that concern us it is defined as: The particular process that is put in place to achieve the goals of the current generation without affecting the development opportunities of future generations [10,11,12]. From this perspective, it is essential to preserve natural capital for future generations through the efficient management of natural resources in order to ensure intergenerational justice [13,14]
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