Abstract
The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) is a scale which measures aspects of the oral health-related quality of life. However, no Italian version of PIDAQ has been developed. The aim of this study was to translate the original English version of PIDAQ into Italian and to assess the validity and reliability of the Italian version for application among Italian adults. The questionnaire was translated into Italian, back translated, pre-tested, and cross-culturally adapted. Subsequently, the Italian version of PIDAQ and the Oral health impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) were administered to 264 orthodontic patients aged from 18 to 83 years old, mean age was (38.39 + 16.9) belonging to Southern Italy. Cronbach’s alpha of the translated PIDAQ was 0.82, corrected item-total correlation ranged from 0.48 to 0.67. The 23 items of PIDAQ were divided into four domains. There was a logical relation among the items in the same domain and a highly significant association among scores of PIDAQ and the other scale. The translated Italian version of PIDAQ demonstrated good reliability and validity. Its sufficient discriminative and evaluative psycho-metric properties provide the theoretical evidence for further use in study on orthodontic-specific aspects of quality of life among Italian adults.
Highlights
Quality of life involves a combination of objectively and subjectively indicated wellbeing in multiple domains of life considered salient in one’s culture and time [1]
Most of research on Oral Health quality of life (OH-QoL) focused on the various forms of malocclusion, which negatively impact on quality of life and can impair social interaction, interpersonal relationships, and psychological well-being until producing feelings of inferiority [5]
In other words OH-QoL measures must reflect how oral disorders affect the whole QoL of individuals, such as the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire (PIDAQ)
Summary
Quality of life involves a combination of objectively and subjectively indicated wellbeing in multiple domains of life considered salient in one’s culture and time [1]. Locker [3], noticing how effects of impairments on disability or reduced opportunity are mediated by intervening personal and environmental factors, defines H-QoL as a person’s assessment of how the following factors affect his or her wellbeing: (a) functional factors; (b) psychological factors; (c) social factors and (d) the experience of pain/discomfort. These factors applied to Oral Health that, according to Locker, are composed by three dimensions hierarchically organized: the biological level (impairment), the behavioural level (functional limitation, discomfort and disability) and the social level (handicap). Prompted by the importance that this type of questionnaire has acquired, this study aimed to translate the English version of PIDAQ into Italian and assess its validity, in order to provide the theoretical basis for further application in Italian population
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