Abstract
BackgroundThe health education impact Questionnaire (heiQ) measures eight self-management skills in people with chronic conditions. It seems to be important to provide cross-cultural evidence on its properties in non-English healthcare contexts. The present study assessed the psychometric properties of the heiQ in Italian adults with chronic conditions.MethodsTwo hundred ninety-nine individuals with a chronic condition (mean age = 61.4 years, 50.16% females) completed the heiQ and the Medical Outcomes Study-Short Form (SF-36). Confirmatory factor analyses, Composite Reliability Indices, and bivariate correlations were performed.ResultsStructural validity based on 8 correlated factors with good fit was in line with previous research. Concurrent validity was confirmed, as shown by moderate associations between the scores on the Constructive attitudes and approaches, Self-monitoring and insight, Health directed activities, Social integration and support, and Emotional distress subscales and the scores on SF-36 Physical functioning, General health perceptions, Vitality, Social functioning, Perceived mental health and Role limitations due to physical and emotional problems subscales.ConclusionsThe Italian heiQ has strong properties and it can be used routinely also in the Italian healthcare services.
Highlights
The health education impact Questionnaire measures eight self-management skills in people with chronic conditions
The present study aimed to provide further evidence on the psychometric properties of the health education impact Questionnaire (heiQ) among Italian adults with chronic conditions by assessing structural validity, reliability, convergent/divergent and concurrent validity
Despite values on the χ2/df was in the range between 1 and 3 and values on the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) and the Root Mean Square Residual (RMR) were lower than .06, suggesting good fit, values on the Comparative Fit Index (CFI) and Tucker Lewis Index (TLI) were still not acceptable, evidencing partially inadequate fit
Summary
The health education impact Questionnaire (heiQ) measures eight self-management skills in people with chronic conditions. In Australia, Osborne and colleagues developed the health education impact Questionnaire (heiQ) [6] a selfreport questionnaire, which assesses eight independent key self-management skills for adults with chronic conditions. These skills include Positive and active engagement in life (i.e., motivation to be active and engage in life-fulfilling activities), Health-directed activities (healthful behaviours including prevention, diet, and exercise), Skill and technique acquisition (knowledge-based skills and techniques including the use of aids that help individuals manage symptoms and health problems), Constructive attitudes and approaches (attempts to minimize the effects of illness and determination not to allow the illness control their life), Self-monitoring and insight. The response format was simplified to a 4-point scale (“strongly disagree” to “strongly agree”) and 2 items were removed [6]
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