Abstract
Drinking water is a basic need for survival and good health of human beings as well as for any form of life on earth. In the absence of potable water, there is a high risk of transmission of serious diseases among people, like diarrhea, dysentery, cholera, and typhoid. Despite significant progress on community water schemes, worldwide still 2.2 billion people are out of access to safely managed water services. This study was conducted during the period from February to July 2020. Published literature such as paper, thesis, manuals, database, reports, and standards were collected from different sources and went on thoroughly. The conclusions are drawn based on studied materials. The study found that about 829 thousand people are estimated to die each year from diarrhea because of unsafe contaminated drinking water, sanitation, and hand hygiene. In South Asia, over 134 million people still do not have access to clean drinking water. Various studies have shown that progress on basic water supply in Nepal has reached up to 89% of the population by the end of 2019. Community drinking water schemes in Nepal are facing various types of problems, such as technical problems related to, gender equity and social inclusion (GESI), cost recovery and affordability, operation and maintenance, institutional, and legal framework. Because those problems on water schemes are not timely and appropriately addressed, there is always a high impact on un-functionality, poor service, and unsustainability. The study would like to suggest that the operation and maintenance funds should be managed after the implementation of the project. The capacity building training for the water users committee should be conducted before the handover of the schemes.
Highlights
Clean water with hygienic sanitation is an essential component for the wellbeing of dignified healthy life of human beings, their economic development, and it is the basic requirement of well-functioning of the world’s ecosystem
Analysis of International Benchmarking Network (IBNET) for Water and Sanitation Utilities data across South Asia and South-East Asia shows that majority of countries have average continuity of service is less than 24 hours per day
Drinking water is a basic need for survival and good health of human beings as well as for any form of life on earth
Summary
Clean water with hygienic sanitation is an essential component for the wellbeing of dignified healthy life of human beings, their economic development, and it is the basic requirement of well-functioning of the world’s ecosystem. As drinking water and sanitation facilities are basic needs for human beings, the provision of providing safe drinking water and sanitation facility has been still kept in high priority of Government of Nepal through 15th periodic plan [6]. Based on the latest report, over 600 million people do not have access to even a basic level of drinking water & one billion people still practice open defecation in the world. To fulfill this huge necessity of WASH, Sustainable Development Goal 6 has aimed to ensure access to water and sanitation for all by 2030 [5]. Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) is lifesaving intervention as usual in daily life and emergency context
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