Ispitivanje uticaja primene invazivnih kardioloških procedura na kvalitet života obolelih od infarkta miokarda

Abstract

Introduction. The assessment of the quality of life of patients with myocardial infarction makes it possible to direct activities to improve their quality of life. Objective of the study is to examine the impact of use of invasive cardiological procedures on the quality of life of patients with myocardial infarction. Methods. A retrospective prospective study, designed as a crosssection study, was conducted to assess the impact of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) on the quality of life of patients. The research used the following: sociodemographic questionnaire, questionnaire for assessment of health status, life habits, comorbidity and characteristics of the disorders of the diseased, and Health SurveySF36. Statistical analysis of data was made using the SPSS statistical software. Results. The study covered 175 respondents aged 20 and over, among which the majority of respondents (61.7%) belong to the age group of 5170 years, while the remaining 38.3% of respondents belong to the younger age group of 2050 years, and the average age of the respondents is 53.12 years. Among the respondents there were 113 (64.6%) men and 62 (35.4%) women. Invasive cardiac procedure (bypass, coronarography) was performed in 78.3% of subjects. Significantly higher percentage of older people in whom some of the invasive diagnostic procedures were performed (42.9%) compared to the younger group of respondents (35.4%) (χ2=12.971; p=0.001). A statistically significant difference in the frequency of invasive cardiac procedures was noticed among the two groups of subjects of different sexes. When it comes to performing some of the invasive cardiac procedures for the purpose of treatment, the results show that subjects who underwent any of the invasive cardiac procedures have a better quality of life related to health compared to respondents who are treated with conservative therapy. The exception is the presence of physical pain where there is no statistically significant difference between the two groups of subjects. A statistically significant difference in the quality of life was observed in terms of physical functioning (80.89:61.18) (t=7.945; p=0.001), physical health restrictions (75.36:46.71) (t=7.624; p=0.001), general health (75.38:54.23) (t=8.727; p=0.001), vitality (57.08:50.92) (t=6.680; p=0.001), social functioning (62.40:33.88) (t=7.834; p=0.001), limitations due to emotional problems (59.60:30.69) (t=6.499; p=0.001), mental health (52.93:34.07) (t=8.023; p=0.001) and joint mental health measures (57.78:37.37) (t=7.642) p=0.001). Discussion. The results of the study confirm the results from the literature according to which patients after the experienced AMI have significantly impaired HRQOL and confirm that subjects undergoing cardiac invasive procedures after the AMI have significantly better quality of life in relation to health compared to subjects treated with conservative thrombolytic therapy. Conclusion. Myocardial infarction affects the quality of life of patients with myocardial infarction. Respondents who underwent any of the invasive cardiac procedures after AMI showed a better quality of life in relation to health compared to subjects treated with only conservative thrombolytic therapy.