Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the behavior of carbon incorporation and turnover in hoof and ribs of pigs at different periods of development in the search for tissues that reflect longer the former diet. We used 132 commercial hybrids (barrows and females), weaned at an average age of 21 days, distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments on different days of substitution of corn (C4 cycle plant grain) diets with broken rice (C3 cycle plant grain) at 21, 42, 63 and 110 days of age to change the carbon-13 isotope signal. By means of isotopic dilution curves, we observed that animals whose C4 diet was replaced with C3 diet at 21, 42, 63 and 110 days of age, for hoof and rib, reached a new level of isotope equilibrium. Bone samples are better choices to reflect the former diet, due to conservation of the isotopic signal for longer.
Highlights
The importing market has shown to be increasingly demanding in relation to the traceability of animal by-products used in animal feeding, the technique of stable isotopes has great potential for practical application for the detection of these by-products through analysis of pig tissues at different developmental stages
Protein synthesis is the main anabolic activity of the cell, and in the breeding of animals of zootechnical interest, protein ingredients are largely responsible for the rise in diet cost
The graphs illustrate that, over time, values of δ13C of the two tissues evaluated moved towards the isotopic signal of the diets containing broken rice
Summary
The increase in per capita consumption is a challenge for the pork sector, because consumer needs and expectations contribute significantly to the choice of protein source (Moeller et al, 2010); there is an increasing awareness of the relationship between food and health and a greater interest in the origin of meat and the system for raising livestock (Grunert, 2006). Few studies have been conducted in animals using foods naturally enriched in 13C. Body constituents are in a dynamic state, continuously formed and used for different purposes. This process is generally called turnover and all substances in the body, whether organic or inorganic metabolites, are subject to this process (Kennedy & Krouse, 1990), most studies involving turnover of cellular compounds focus on proteins. Much of the information available is based on studies carried out with animal protein metabolism
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