Abstract
Astaxanthin is a powerful antioxidant, because it neutralizes free radicals and plays a vital role in the prevention of human diseases. The objective of this work was to develop an isotonic beverage (IB) of orange-red color, using an astaxanthin oleoresin emulsion (AOE) that is dispersible in water. This was carried out in order to simulate the color of commercial isotonic beverages (CIB) prepared from artificial pigments. The size of the AOE micelles ranged from 0.15 to 7.60 µm2. The color difference (ΔE) was similar for the samples exposed to dark as well as light conditions. The samples subjected to light stress showed pigment degradation after seven days, followed by a decrease in the concentration of astaxanthin; whereas, the samples exposed to dark conditions remained stable for seven days and then showed a decrease in the concentration of astaxanthin (this decrease ranged from 65% to 76% when compared to the initial content) after a period of 91 days. For the astaxanthin oleoresin (AO) and AOE, the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) values reached 5224 and 1968 µmol of trolox equivalents (TE)/100 g, respectively. When exposed to light conditions, the addition of AOE in the IB led to its rapid degradation, while it remained stable in the samples exposed to the dark conditions.
Highlights
Carotenoids are a group of molecules which consist of more than 750 pigments described.This group can be divided into carotene or xanthophyll subfamilies
The emulsion was prepared as described in Materials and Methods; a homogeneous emulsion was emulsion was prepared as described
Commercial isotonic beverages with added synthetic pigments obtained values of a∗ and b∗ that places them in the first quadrant of the sphere corresponding to the color space CIE L∗ a∗ b∗ without major differences between them in terms of luminosity L∗
Summary
Carotenoids are a group of molecules which consist of more than 750 pigments described. This group can be divided into carotene or xanthophyll subfamilies. Carotenoids molecules have been known for two features. Their color in solution varies between pale yellow, yellow, orange or red (ζ-carotene, xanthophyll, β-carotene or lycopene, respectively), and secondly, the positive link between higher dietary intake and tissue concentration of carotenoids plays a beneficial role in the human body due to the antioxidant properties that the group possesses, lowering the risk of occurrences of several degenerative disorders, such as types of cancer, cardiovascular or ophthalmological diseases [1,2]. The most important applications include pigmenting products such as margarine, butter, bakery products, sugar confectionery, meat, pasta and egg products, deserts and mixes, dairy and related products, fruit juices and beverages, canned soups, preserves and syrups [1,2]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
