Isothiazoles

Abstract

The information on isothiazoles published from 2008 to 2018 is summarized and reviewed. The chapter begins with a summary of the information from previous editions, which is presented in the same sequence as in previous editions: theoretical methods, experimental structural methods, thermodynamic aspects, structural features. The primary attention is focused on the developments in fields of isothiazole ring formation and the reactivity of isothiazoles. The data on the formation of the isothiazole heterocycle is described in the following sequence: intramolecular cyclization (formation of SN, CC, CS, CN bonds), heterocyclizations [4 + 1], [3 + 2] and synthesis based on other heterocyclic compounds. An extensive section is devoted to the methods of isothiazole functionalization. A separate part is devoted to the synthesis of biologically active compounds and prospective scaffolds of high interest. Additionally, the published data on the metal complexes of isothiazoles is comprehensively summarized and reviewed. Of particular interest is the data on the use of palladium complexes of isothiazoles as catalysts for cross-coupling reactions in aqueous media (“green chemistry”). The latest data presented on isothiazoles will be useful to specialists in different areas, including those that work in the fields of medicinal chemistry and catalysis.