Abstract
2Y-TZP powders were calcined at temperatures in the range 800–1500°C to vary the particle size and relative constraining force, and the influence of the transformability of the tetragonal phase on the isothermal transformation at 250°C was investigated with these calcined powders. The tetragonal-to-monoclinic phase transformation during aging at 250°C was greatly dependent on the transformability of the tetragonal phase and stabilizing effects. The isothermal phase transformation by aging at 250°C was only observed in 2Y-TZP powders stabilized by the constraint effect, but not by the particle-size effect. The amount of monoclinic phase transformed during aging was much greater in highly transformable 2Y-TZP powder and it decreased with an increase of the constraining force. From these results, we concluded that the isothermal phase transformation and degradation behavior of 2Y-TZP upon low-temperature aging occurred with the reduction of constraint force due to stress relaxation at grain boundaries.
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