Abstract
Conditions for existence of transient isotachophoresis (ITP) in zone electrophoresis are quite common. Transient ITP can either be induced by the composition of the sample or by the composition of the electrolyte system or result from the first step during capillary ITP–capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) combination. This paper brings a comprehensive analysis of the problem and description of the effects of transient ITP on the migration time, separation efficiency and the detection sensitivity of the CZE analysis. Theoretical considerations are accompanied by model experimental examples. It is shown that in cases where transient ITP can be controlled, the effects of transient ITP can be employed for improvement of the performance of the analysis. Further, it is shown that the combination of capillary ITP–CZE is by far superior. It enables one to inject large sample volumes, to reach efficient sample clean-up, and to separate and to detect trace analytes under optimum conditions.
Published Version
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