Abstract
Strength functions for isoscalar dipole excitations in ${}^{90}\mathrm{Zr},$ ${}^{116}\mathrm{Sn},$ and ${}^{208}\mathrm{Pb}$ have been measured with inelastic scattering of 240 MeV \ensuremath{\alpha} particles at small angles. The isoscalar $E1$ strength distribution in each nucleus is found to consist of a broad component at ${E}_{x}\ensuremath{\sim}{114/A}^{1/3}\mathrm{MeV}$ containing approximately 100% of the $E1$ EWSR and a narrower one at ${E}_{x}\ensuremath{\sim}{72/A}^{1/3}\mathrm{MeV}$ containing 15--28 % of the total isoscalar $E1$ strength. The higher component is the compression mode $E1$ strength previously reported only in ${}^{208}\mathrm{Pb},$ whereas the lower component may be a new mode not reported previously, but suggested by recent RPA-HF and relativistic mean field calculations.
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