Isorhamnetin, Hispidulin, and Cirsimaritin Identified in Tamarix ramosissima Barks from Southern Xinjiang and Their Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities.

Xiaopu Ren,Yingjie Bao,Yawei Zhang,Guanghong Zhou,Shixin Liu,Zengqi Peng,Yuxia Zhu

doi:10.3390/molecules24030390

Xiaopu Ren, Yingjie Bao + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24030390

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Abstract

As a natural potential resource, Tamarix ramosissima has been widely used as barbecue skewers for a good taste and unique flavor. The polyphenolics in the branch bark play a key role in the quality improvement. The purposes of the present work were to explore the polyphenolic composition of T. ramosissima bark extract and assess their potential antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Hispidulin and cirsimaritin from T. ramosissima bark extract were first identified in the Tamarix genus reported with UPLC-MS analysis. Isorhamnetin (36.91 μg/mg extract), hispidulin (28.79 μg/mg extract) and cirsimaritin (13.35 μg/mg extract) are rich in the bark extract. The extract exhibited promising antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 117.05 μg/mL for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 151.57 μg/mL for hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, as well as excellent reducing power with an EC50 of 93.77 μg/mL. The bark extract showed appreciable antibacterial properties against foodborne pathogens. Listeria monocytogenes was the most sensitive microorganism with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 5 mg/mL and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) value of 10 mg/mL followed by S. castellani and S. aureus among the tested bacteria. The T. ramosissima bark extract showed significantly stronger inhibitory activity against Gram-positive than Gram-negative bacteria. Nevertheless, this extract failed to show any activity against tested fungi. Overall, these results suggested that T. ramosissima shows potential in improving food quality due to its highly efficacious antioxidant and antibacterial properties.

Highlights

Various species of Tamarix, which are widely distributed throughout Europe, America, Asia, and Africa, have been used as herbal medicines in many civilizations due to the presence of polyphenolic compounds [1]
The methanolic extract of dried aerial components of T. gallica from India was found to prevent thioacetamide-promoted oxidative stress and toxicity and exhibited significant properties to reduce the susceptibility of the hepatic microsomal membrane to iron-ascorbate induced lipid
Yao et al [3] showed that tamaractam, a new phenolic aromatic ring compound from T. ramosissima tender branches and leaves from the Ningxia province, displayed a strong inhibitory activity on cell proliferation in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes, suggesting that it could remarkably induce cellular apoptosis and increase activated caspase-3/7 levels

Summary

Introduction

Various species of Tamarix, which are widely distributed throughout Europe, America, Asia, and Africa, have been used as herbal medicines in many civilizations due to the presence of polyphenolic compounds [1]. Rahman et al [4] indicated that the methanolic extract of T. indica roots from Bangladesh exhibited excellent antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties. Significant writhing inhibition was produced by the extract in acetic acid-induced writhing in mice when comparable to the standard diclofenac sodium drug at the doses of 500 and 25 mg/kg body weight, respectively, and showed a significant anti-inflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced paw oedema in rats at oral doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight compared to the standard drug aspirin. The wide spectrum of these medicinal properties may be mainly attributed to the presence of polyphenolic compounds in Tamarix, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids [1,2]

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