Abstract
Two commercial acid-activated montmorillonites (F24 and F124) were exchanged with different cations (Al 3+, Cr 3+, Fe 3+, and Ni 2+). The catalytic activity of the acid- and the ion-exchanged clays was measured using the isomerization of cis- and trans-2-butene at 300 °C to yield the corresponding isomers. The order of activity for the acid- and the different cation-exchanged forms was: acid clays >Al 3+≈Ni 2+>Cr 3+>Fe 3+, which slightly correlated with the acidity values determined by cyclohexylamine desorption and the d 001 spacing obtained from integral series of reflections. The maximum conversion for the isomerization of cis-2-butene was ≈75% for F24 and F124, while the maximum conversion for the isomerization of trans-2-butene was ≈53% for F24 and F124. Cracking produced propylene and methane and their amounts increased with the acidity.
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