Abstract
Objective: To isolate, screen and characterize antibiotic producing actinomycetes from Kapuluppada plastic waste dumping yard, Visakhapatnam.Methods: A total of 12 soil samples were collected, serially diluted and spread on starch casein agar supplemented with Rifampicin and Cycloheximide for inhibition of bacteria and fungi, respectively. Cross-streak method was used to check the antagonistic activity of isolated actinomycetes against bacteria and fungi. Crude extracts from submerged state fermentation were used for the production of antimicrobial compounds. Agar well diffusion method was used for antimicrobial activity of crude extracts against test organisms. The isolates were characterized by morphological, physiological and biochemical methods.Results: A total of 110 actinomycete isolates were isolated from plastic waste dumping yard. All isolates had shown antimicrobial activity against one or more tested bacteria/fungi. The crude extract of the isolates PD66 (12.2 mm), PD85 (11.5 mm) were most active against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, PD4 (14.1 mm), PD66 (15.6 mm) were active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, whereas the extracts of PD10 (19.2 mm), PD47 (19.8 mm), PD106 (19.1 mm) were active against Candida albicans, PD10 (14.6 mm), PD82 (15.7 mm) active against Saccharomyces cereviciae. The isolates had shown varying morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics.Conclusion: The actinomycetes isolated from Kapuluppada plastic waste dumping yard were found to be most promising microorganisms for the production of antibacterial and antifungal antibiotics.
Highlights
Bioactive secondary metabolites are produced by microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes
Some antibiotics such as penicillin, erythromycin, and methicillin which were effective against infectious diseases [12, 13], are less effective because bacteria had become resistant to such antibiotics
Sampling and isolation of actinomycetes From a total of 12 plastic waste dumped soil samples of Kapuluppada dumping yard, Visakhapatnam, 110 morphologically distinct colonies were obtained on starch casein agar plates
Summary
Bioactive secondary metabolites are produced by microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes. Streptomyces is the largest genus known for the production of many bioactive secondary metabolites [9], which had antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, anticancer and immunosuppressive activities [1, 10, 11] Some antibiotics such as penicillin, erythromycin, and methicillin which were effective against infectious diseases [12, 13], are less effective because bacteria had become resistant to such antibiotics. The objective of the present study was to isolate, screen and characterize antibiotic producing actinomycetes from plastic waste dumping yard The outcome of this finding may be important to give direction for researchers and for future treatment of multidrugresistant human pathogens
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