Abstract
In this study, Ligustrum lucidum flowers as raw material, the extraction, isolation and coagulatory activity of polysaccharides were carried out for the first time. The crude polysaccharide was obtained by hot water extraction and ethanol precipitation, and preliminarily purified by Sevage method and D101 macroporous resin. Then the polysaccharide was further purified by DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephadex G-100 column chromatography, respectively. The structural characteristics were detected by LC, GC, FT-IR and NMR. Furthermore, the coagulatory activity of the polysaccharides were investigated by APTT, TT, PT and FIB assays in vitro. The results demonstrated that four polysaccharides were isolated from flowers of L. lucidum, named as LLP-1a, LLP-1b, LLP-2 and LLP-3, and the yields were 0.039, 0.0054, 0.0055 and 0.017%, respectively based on the weight of the dried flowers. The four polysaccharides components were free of nucleic acids and proteins, and their average molecular weights were 25,912, 64,919, 3,940,246 and 2,975,091 g/mol, respectively. The monosaccharide compositions of LLp-1a were l-rhamnose, l-arabinose, d-xylose, d-glucose and d-galactose (molar ratio of 3.16: 2.46: 1.00: 7.27: 4.22). Only d-galactose was detected from LLp-1b. LLp-2 was composed of l-arabinose, d-glucose and d-galactose (molar ratio of 1.28:1.32:1.00). LLp-3 was composed of l-rhamnose, l-arabinose, d-xylose, d-glucose and d-galactose (molar ratio of 5.85: 2.21: 2.23: 1.00: 2.25). Coagulation assays indicated that LLp-1a and LLp-3 had good anticoagulant effect in vitro, while LLp-1b showed procoagulant activity.
Highlights
Ligustrum lucidum, belonging to Ligustrum genus, a flowering plant in the Oleaceae family, is native to the south of the Yangtze River to South China, southwest provinces and autonomous regions, Northwest distribution to Shanxi, Gansu, and naturalized in several other countries including India, Nepal and Korea [1]
Polysaccharide isolation and purification After removing the protein and pigment, the refined polysaccharides were preliminary purified by DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography, three main polysaccharide fractions were obtained, named LL-1 eluted with 0.1 mol/L NaCl, LL-2 eluted with 0.2 mol/L NaCl and LL-3 eluted with 0.3 mol/L NaCl, respectively (Fig. 1a)
The three polysaccharide fractions isolated by DEAE-52 were further isolated and purified by Sephadex G-100 column chromatography
Summary
Ligustrum lucidum, belonging to Ligustrum genus, a flowering plant in the Oleaceae family, is native to the south of the Yangtze River to South China, southwest provinces and autonomous regions, Northwest distribution to Shanxi, Gansu, and naturalized in several other countries including India, Nepal and Korea [1]. “Chinese Materia Medica” records the fruits, leaves, barks and roots of L. lucidum. Its fruit is often called “Nüzhenzi”, as a traditional Chinese medicine. There are more studies on its chemical constituents and. Yin et al Chemistry Central Journal (2017) 11:98 of hydrocortisone-induced immunosuppressed model mouse [13]. The polysaccharides in flowers are still uncertain without a clear theoretical evidence. The preliminary identification of the compositions of flowers polysaccharides would be significant and advantageous to be studied for further illustration of their potential bioactivities
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